Original Article

Evaluation of antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities and metabolite profiles of the fractionated extract of the Crescentia cujete Linn. fruit

Authors:
Jan Edward S. Bautista ^1,, Camille Angela D. Bolaños^1,, Kim Andrew A. Macatangay^1,, Daniel Edward Paje^1,, Rogie Royce Carandang^1,2,, and Kevin Jace Miranda^1,3,4,
1College of Pharmacy, Adamson University, 900 San Marcelino St., Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines
²Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, University of Texas School of Public Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
³Chemistry and Biochemistry Unit, Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Padre Faura St., Ermita, Manila, Philippines 1000
⁴Department of Chemistry, College of Science, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines 0922

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent disease that is the sixth leading cause of death in the Philippines. The fruit juice of Crescentia cujete Linn, or “miracle fruit”, is utilized by locals from Agusan del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, and Zamboanga Sibugay in the Philippines as an anti-diabetic and antioxidant treatment alternative or additive due to the high costs of their current prescriptions. Phytochemical screening of the fruit extract indicated the presence of alkaloids and reducing sugars with trace amounts of saponins, volatile oil, tannins, and polyphenols. Hypoglycemic and antioxidant assays were utilized to determine the potential activity. Alpha-glucosidase inhibition at 10 ppm of the fruit exhibited low enzyme inhibition activity. Methanol/H₂O solvent fraction showed notable antioxidant activity in the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-PicrylHydrazyl (DPPH) assay, averaging 55.69% inhibition. For more comprehensive bioactivity comparison of C. cujete, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of α-glucosidase, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) should be identified and various concentration screening protocols for the assays should be conducted to help identify the effective enzyme inhibitory effects of the sample. Mass Spectral Library included 1-Stearoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 15(S)-15-Methyl Prostaglandin E1, and 5,6-Dihydroxy-8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatrienoic acid.

Keywords: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, α-glucosidase, GNPS, miracle fruit, phytochemical screening

^{Available Online: 19 May 2025}

How to Cite:
Bautista JE, Bolaños CA, Macatangay KA, Paje DE, Carandang RR and Miranda KJ. 2025. Evaluation of antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities and metabolite profiles of the fractionated extract of the Crescentia cujete Linn. fruit. The Palawan Scientist, 17(2): 23-32. https://doi.org/10.69721/TPS.J.2025.17.2.03

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